Vol. 6 No. 2 (2023): Jurnal Ilmiah Langue and Parole

This research examines the gender inequality experienced by Gloria in Mekar Karena Memar's novel by Alex L. Tobing from Gerard Genette's narratology theory. The author is interested in studying gender inequality because, in this novel, the main character named Gloria is fighting against the gender inequality that she experiences. This makes this issue attractive to the author because women generally only received improper treatment without daring to do anything in those days. The author of the novel uses the pure narrative method, where the pure author acts like someone who is outside the novel and does not participate in the role of a character from the novel. In this study, the authors used a qualitative study method. The author collects data through literature study (documentation) and performs analysis using the Genette theory which consists of five parts: order, duration, frequency, mood, and voice. After analyzing, the writer found that the author had described the gender inequality experienced by a character named Gloria in the novel, as well as the actions Gloria had taken to overcome the gender inequality she experienced.

This research analyzed about imageries in the Mother Africa, May I Return? poem. The poem of Black Live Matter (BLM) movement in America, United Kingdom and Australia. The purpose of this research is to describe the kinds of imageries found in the Mother Africa, May I Return? poem. In this research, the writer used the descriptive qualitative method and used theory of Imagery by Perrine (1992). Data are explained by find the meaning and described them based on the kinds of imagery through four procedure, they are: identifying, classiying, analyzing and making the conclusion from the data. The result of this research are the writer found about 13 data of imagery of the poem. Visual imagery is the most dominant imagery in the Mother Africa, May I Return? poem. There are 6 data of visual imagery from 13 total data that the writer found in the poem, because visual imagery is the appropriate imagery for BLM’s proponents to describe their misery in their own country. Another imagery that the writer also found in this poem are auditory imagery, tactile imagery and kinaesthetic imagery. There are 5 data of auditory imagery, 2 data of tactile imagery and 1 data of kinaesthetic imagery found in the Mother Africa, May I Return? poem.

The aim of this study to find out types and forms code mxing used in Deddy Corbuzier's YouTube Channel video " Kenapa Baru Kita Ceritakan… KRI Nanggala 402-Faiz Rahman". " In conducting the analysis, the results obtained with the research method used is a qualitative descriptive method. In collecting the data this research used heed method, this method followed by the simak bebas libat cakap technique and the analysis method used the Agih method and followed by Bagi Unsur Langsung technique. After doing the analysis, it was found that 51 data were found in the video. As a result, 51 data with the types of Outer Code-Mixing is dominant with a percentage of 100%, while in the inner no data is found. In the forms, there are 21 data on words, 17 data on phrases, 3 data on hybrids, 1 data on repetition words, 2 on idioms, and 11 data on clauses.

This research investigates about phonetic differences between Rantau Keloyang Dialect and Sungai Beringin Dialect. The purpose of the research are (1) to know about the differences between Rantau Keloyang Dialect and Sungai Beringin Dialect in term of vowel, consonant and Diphthong and (2) to identify the differences of phoneme between Rantau Keloyang Dialect and Sungai Beringin Dialect. Data are gained through eliciting, participating and note taking technique. Data are analyzed based on theories proposed by Crowley (1987). The result of this research show that the differences of phoneme in both dialects are occurred due phonemic change, diphthong, and phonemic addition as well as deletion.the differences happen due to the influence of Jambinese language in rantau Keloyang dialect and Minangese Language for Sungai Beringin Dialect

In recreating new advertisement during the pandemic, the culinary companies, including KFC Indonesia, take full advantage of using Instagram in promoting their brand and product. This study examined the process of how semiotic system create the overall meaning of the advertisement, used in KFC Indonesia’s Instagram video in order to attract customers. The data of this study were collected from a video advertisement published by KFC Indonesia on Instagram.The video was chosen because it was posted in period of the pandemic.This study employed descriptive qualitative study. This study focuses on the analysis of linguistics, visual, gestural and audio analysis of multimodal system occured in the video. The analysis found that the combination of linguistics, visual, and gestural elements in the video advertisement of KFC Indonesia could maintain the aim of advertisement to influence the customers to purchase the products, eventhough it was spesifictly created for pandemic situation.In linguistics analysis, the study found that the video used formal and standard Indonesian language as the script of the video. Further, the language used could deliver the process of informing new policy to the customers. Meanwhile, the analysis of audio used on the video determined that the use of music and narrator’s voice in the same volume could affect the ambiance of the video. The findings revealed that the video was created to influence the customers to keep buying the products despite the pandemic by delivering the video advertisement in the Instagram account.

Sosiolinguistik mempelajari tentang hubungan antara bahasa dan masyarakat. Ada banyak sekali bahasa yang bisa digunakan sehingga masyarakat mencampuradukkan bahasa mereka dalam tuturannya. Pencampuran bahasa ini terdapat dalam bidang sosiolinguistik yang disebut sebagai campur kode. Campur kode adalah penggunaan lebih dari satu bahasa dalam satu kalimat. Penggunaan campur kode sudah banyak terjadi pada masyarakat. Selain itu, campur kode juga terdapat dalam buku, seperti buku pengembangan diri. Hal tersebut terjadi di salah satu buku What's So Wrong About Your Self Healing karya Ardhi Mohamad. Rumusan masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah apa saja jenis-jenis campur kode yang ditemukan dalam buku What's So Wrong About Your Self Healing karya Ardhi Mohamad dan apa makna dari jenis-jenis campur kode yang ditemukan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis campur kode berdasarkan teori Suwito dan mengetahui makna dari jenis-jenis caampur kode yang ditemukan dalam buku What's So Wrong About Your Self Healing karya Ardhi Mohamad. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif deskriptif. Dalam pengumpulan data, penelitian ini menggunakan observasi dan dokumentasi. Berdasarkan hasil pengumpulan data, data di analisis secara jelas dan rinci dengan bantuan buku sosiolinguistik karya Suwito, kamus Oxford, kamus Idiom, dan buku What's So Wrong About Your Self Healing karya Ardhi Mohamad untuk mengetahui makna dari setiap kalimat sesuai dengan konteksnya. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan ada 32 dalam jenis campur kode. Jenis tertinggi adalah word insertion dengan 11 data, yang kedua clause insertion dan hybrid insertion dengan 7 data, yang ketiga adalah phrase insertion dengan 6 data dan yang terakhir adalah idiom insertion dengan 1 data, sedangkan pada jenis repetition insertion tidak ditemukan data karena peneliti tidak menemukan kata yang terindikasi sebagai repetition insertion.

Nowadays, Indonesian kids are increasingly interested in bilingual education. They are exposed to the second language in their households in addition to acquiring it in school. Although there are still some myths about bilingualism in society, some parents still practice it because they think it helps their children develop, both linguistically and cognitively. Those, this essay focuses on the materials used by parents and teachers to teach bilinguals to the children including in the formal language learning. The literature review specifically served as the foundation for this paper. Here, seven frameworks about the learning materials are analysed to see whether the current materials are suitable for the students need. The results show that the learning materials still need some improvement and teachers need to do some innovation to make it happen the school level.

Indonesian people tend to use code-mixing or code-switching in every language activity. Language/Code or is a way that is used to express something. For people who are used to being bilingual/multilingual, it will be seen how they speak. The way they speak sounds sometimes their speech is mixed with foreign languages. This language mixing is known as code mixing. Code mixing occurs when someone who is fluent in both languages ​​uses elements of the two languages ​​intentionally and simultaneously incorporates elements of one language into another in one utterance. In addition, code switching also occurs when someone uses language elements in the form of sentences or clauses to exchange with other language elements in different languages. Such symptoms are often carried out by educated people, public figures, politicians, and government officials. The subject of this research is the conversation between Maudy Ayunda and Robert in an interview at Perspektif Metro TV on Monday, December 30, 2019. There are the research questions in this research, first to find the types of code-mixing and code-switching, second, the reasons for code-mixing/code-switching, and the last, to indicate the matrix language in the interview. To answer the research questions, the researcherss applied sociolinguistic theory, especially the theories on types and reasons of code-mixing and code-switching proposed by Hoffman (1991) and how many codes in their uttarences based on Myers-Scotton theory (2006). This research using a qualitative approach and observation method from Sudaryanto (2015) which is an uninvolved interview observation technique. In this technique, the researcherss does not get involved directly in the dialogue in the interview between Maudy Ayunda and Robert. Then, the researcherss uses the note-taking, of the uttarences that is produced by Maudy and Robert in the interview. Then, the researcherss classified those code-mixing and code-switching in a table to find the type of code-mixing and code-switching. After analyzing the data, there are 139 cases of code-mixing and 72 cases of code-switching. For the types of code-mixing, there is 108 intra-sentential, 28 intra-lexical and 3 involving a change in pronunciation. For types of code-switching, there is 68 inter-sentential, and 4 establishing with the previous speaker. For the reasons of code-mixing/code-switching, the researcherss found 31 data of talking about a particular topic, 1 data of quoting somebody else, 3 being emphatic about something, 6 of repetition used for classification and 1 of clarifying the speech content for the interlocutor. For the matrix in code-mixing, Indonesian 82% as matrix language and English 18% as an embedded language, and in code-switching, Indonesian 54% as matrix language and English 46%as an embedded language.

Pasambahan tradition is one type of Minangkabau oral literature. This tradition is carried out in the wedding ceremony in Minangkabau custom. Pasambahan is a conversation between the two parties concerned between the host (sipangka) and the guest (si alek) to convey the intent and purpose with respect. This study aims to determine the form of symbols, symbolic functions, and symbolic meanings contained in pasambahan (customary conversation) which is a study of semiotic science theory by Marcel Danesi (2004) and interpret pasambahan at every Minangkabau traditional wedding ceremony. In addition, this study also aims to determine the forms of Minangkabau wedding traditional clothes and the symbolic meaning contained in these clothes. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research method. The main data collection techniques in qualitative research are observation, in-depth interviews, and followed by a study of documentation. The data analysis techniques in this study were writing down data obtained from the field, describing pasambahan (customary conversations), verifying, collecting focused data, analyzing the data obtained, and formulating final conclusions as research findings. Based on the results of the study found 7 (seven) Minangkabau traditional wedding ceremonies in the Minangkabau community of Kanagarian Sungai Puar, Pelembayan District, Agam Regency. In addition, there are also some symbols found in pasambahan (traditional conversations) in the Minangkabau traditional wedding ceremony. This study also found several symbols attached to the Minangkabau traditional wedding attire which consisted of the clothes of anak daro (bride) and marapulai (groom). contained in the traditional Minangkabau wedding dress is a form of responsibility and life that is lived during marriage.

This research entitled Lexicon Analysis on Tell and Gunungsitoli Islands: Social Dialect Studies aims to analyze the similarities, changes, and differences in the form of the lexicon and to determine the matrix language in the use of the Nias language along with the speech levels used by the people of Tello Island and Gunungsitoli, especially the existing Nias students Ekasakti University Padang. The method used in this research is qualitative and quantitative with descriptive type, namely describing shape and form and calculating the percentage comparison between Tello Island and Gunungsitoli dialects obtained from the transcription of interview data. The data obtained are in the form of dialect vocabulary of the Nias language. The data collection technique used is the observation technique using the interview method and then transcription is carried out, so that the data can be analyzed according to the research instrument. The theory used in this research is the theory of lexicon, dialect, and matrix language. The results of the analysis show that GN is the dominant dialect (ML) and PT is the contributing dialect (EL) with the percentage level on the lexicon of the same form same meaning at 61.69%; the lexicon of forms changed the same meaning at 8.65%, and the form lexicon with different form same meaning at 28.5% between PT and GN. The same, changes and differences in form between Tello Island and Gunugsitoli dialects in Nias are caused by geographical conditions which are the main cause. 

This thesis deal with the types of Code Mixing found in Tere Liye’s Novel ”Tentang Kamu”. The thesis is focused on analyzing the code mixing used in the text within the novel. The main purpose of this thesis is to find out the types of Code Mixing in Tere Liye’s Novel ”Tentang Kamu”, to find out the most used type of the Code Mixing and to analyze the reasons and functionality of the particular Code Mixing used.  The data of this study is 167 clauses containing code mixing that found in in Tere Liye’s Novel ”Tentang Kamu”. This research was conducted by using Descriptive Qualitative Research. The technique used to collect the data was documentary technique reading, studying, and analyzing all the data. The data were analyzed by using Hoffman theory of Code Mixing. Based on the data analysis, it was found that there were three types of Code Switching found in Tere Liye’s Novel ”Tentang Kamu” which is Intra-sentential Code Mixing, Intra-sentential Code Mixing and Involving Change of Pronunciation Code Mixing. Furthermore, There are seven functions Code Mixing that is found within the text in Tere Liye’s Novel ”Tentang Kamu”, which is Talking About Particular Topic, Quoting Somebody Else, Being Emphatic about Something, Interjection, Repetition Used for Clarification, Intention of Clarifying the Speech Content for Interlocutor, and Expressing Group Identity. The most dominant types of Code Mixing used in Tere Liye’s Novel ”Tentang Kamu” was Intra-sentential Switching with 134 clauses out of 167 clauses found in the text (80,2%). Furthermore, the most dominant functions of Code Mixing that is found within the text in Tere Liye’s Novel ”Tentang Kamu”, which is Talking About Particular Topic (126 clauses out of 167 clauses, 75,4%).

This research aims to find out the code choices chosen by the participants of YouTube content “Nebeng Boy” and the reasons why the participants choose the different codes. This research was a case study of sociolinguistics which employed a descriptive qualitative method. Nebeng Boy is one of the most popular YouTube content created by Indonesian YouTuber and an ex-Video Jockey from MTV, Boy William. The participants in this YouTube content are divided into two; the Host and the Guests. In collecting the data, the researcher has done a few techniques namely taking notes from observing the conversation, transcribing the dialogues between participants, and classifying the data. The researcher used total sampling technique and took the whole part of dialogue from six videos of “Nebeng Boy”. The results of this research show that the code choices employed by the participants of Nebeng Boy are informal variety from Bahasa Indonesia and English which resembles of high social class or high social status. Each participant has different way in using the codes and also has different reason behind it. The Host of the program uses informal code choices to show solidarity, express emotions, show intimacy, changing topics, and including another person to the conversation. Meanwhile, the factors that the guests use the code choices are the background of the person, the profession, function of the conversation, topics, the situation of conversation, and to include another person.

This study entitled Analysis of the Use of Word Speech Action through Socio-Cultural approach : This Speech Action Study aims to analyze speech actions that contain socio-cultural values commonly used in the 'Dictionary of Indonesian Expressions'. The theory used in this study is the theory of Speech Acts by Leech (2017: 39) which focuses on the theory of speech actions. The method used in this study is a qualitative method. The data analysis method uses Primary data and Secondary data by collecting primary data that can be found in the object of study which in this case is from the book 'Dictionary of Indonesian Expressions'. The data collection technique uses sorting techniques and categorizes data from tranksrip or books that are used as research objects into Primary and Secondary data categories and analyzes phrase sentences that contain socio-cultural elements in them. The results of the analysis show the magnitude of the socio-cultural influence on speech action which consists of many factors. Trust and culture are the biggest major factors in being the influence of speech formation and people's attitudes of taking action and speaking.

This research entitled Javanese speech acts at Sabtu Market Tanjung mulya in Mukomuko:

Pragmatic analysis. This study discusses locutionary and illocutionary acts in Traditional Markets. This study aims to analyze the types of locutionary and illocutionary acts used by buyers and sellers at the Sabtu market Tanjung Mulya. The data subject is transactional communication at the Traditional Sabtu Market Tanjung mulya. The theory used in this research  is  pragmatics,  speech  acts  and  classification  of speech  acts.  This  research  was conducted using descriptive qualitative research. The data analysis technique used descriptive analysis techniques, by describing the types of locutionary and illocutionary acts. The results showed that there were 3 locutionary act concepts used by buyers and sellers, namely: the statement form consisted of 11 findings, the question form had 15 findings, and for the imperative 4 findings. While the illocutionary types are: representative 13 findings, directive 11 findings, commissive 5 findings and expressive 5 findings, declarative findings are not found in this study. It can be concluded that the dominant form of question is used in locutionary and dominant representation is used in illocutionary by buyers and sellers in Traditional Markets